I was playing around with the input functionality of GLUT and noticed some glaring errors. What the header file called the up, left, down, and right arrow keys really mapped to stuff like d, e, f, and g. Not only that, but the arrow keys don't map to ANYTHING in the keyboard function... meaning it apparently isn't possible to recieve input from the arrows.

Then again I could be doing something horribly wrong. Any thoughts?

You don't get special keys in your glutKeyboardFunc. They come in through the glutSpecialFunc.

Does the glutSpecialFunc only cover the keys that glutKeyboardFunc doesn't, or does it cover all of them?

Only the ones that glutKeyboardFunc doesn't. Only the ones that have symbolic constants defined for them (like GLUT_KEY_RIGHT).